Common Skin diseases and skin care products selection

The skin is the largest organ of the human body made up of seven layers. The stratum corneum is the outer layer of skin and is the first line of defense against the environment. Therefore, the skin gets comparatively much affected by outer environmental changes. Rashes, redness and itching can be symptoms that could lead to skin problems. Proper cleanliness and timely treatments can save you from further damage and expensive treatments. Choosing quality skin care products can prevent you from many skin diseases.

Skin layers and texture

The skin is the body’s largest organ and it is made up of seven layers, each of which has a specific function. The skin is part of the body’s innate immune system and acts as the body’s first barrier against germs, ultraviolet (UV) light, chemicals, and injury. The skin also helps maintain body temperature and prevents water loss from the body.

The first five layers of the skin are part of the epidermis, and the next two layers comprise the dermis. The epidermis is the outer layer of skin that protects the body from infections, dehydration, and injury. It also renews cells in the skin. The dermis is the layer beneath the epidermis that contains blood vessels, nerve endings, hair follicles, and sweat glands. The dermis functions to provide elasticity, firmness, and strength to the skin.

Starting from the outermost layer on the surface of the skin, working the way down into the deepest layer, the layers of the skin are:

Stratum corneum

This is the first layer of skin which acts as the first line of defense against the environment. It helps protect against bacteria and UV damage. It helps skin stay hydrated and prevents moisture from losing.

Stratum lucidum

This is a clear thin layer that is present in the skin that is commonly damaged. This type of skin can be seen on the palms of hands and soles of feet. It helps the body withstand friction.

Stratum granulosum

This skin layer has the type of fats that keep the skin cells attached and acts as the waterproofing layer that prevents from losing water.

Stratum spinosum

This skin layer also called the prickle cell layer, helps fight against external invaders such as germs, as it contains dendritic cells, which are part of the body’s immune system. It also enables the epidermis, the outer skin layer to better withstand the effects of friction and open wounds.

Stratum basale

It is the deepest layer of the five layers of the epidermis, also called the stratum germinatvum. This is where cell division occurs and skin cells are refilled. Keratinocytes are produced by cells in this layer which produce protein, keratin, and fats to help the body produce vitamin D when exposed to sunlight. It contains melanocytes as well, which produce melanin. Melanin is the pigment that colors the skin.

Papillary Layer

The dermis and epidermis are connected by the papillary layer. This layer contains capillaries that bring nutrients to the skin and regulate body temperature by increasing or decreasing blood flow. It helps sense cold, heat, pain, pressure, and touch as it contains sensory neurons. This layer has also the responsibility for fingerprints on its shoulders.

Reticular Layer

Reticular is the thickest layer composed of dense connective tissues and contains hair sweat glands, follicles, and sebaceous or oil-producing glands. It is the deepest level of the dermis that strengthens the skin and provides elasticity to the skin.

What are the common skin diseases associated with sensitive skin?

Eczema: Eczema is a general term for many dermatitis, which can be red, swollen, itchy, or oozing tissue fluid, and may also have blisters. It may occur all over the body.

Psoriasis: Psoriasis is a skin disease that causes red, itchy, scaly patches, most commonly on the knees, elbows, trunk, and scalp. It is a common chronic disease for which there is no cure. Proper treatment can manage symptoms, though.

Acne: The oil secreted by the sebaceous glands itself can moisturize the skin. When the pores are full of excess oil, the pores are blocked by keratinized epidermal cells and dander, and the oil cannot be discharged smoothly. The mixture of these oils and dander is oxidized by the outside air to form acne.

Scabies: Scabies is a skin disease caused by scabies mites. The scabies mites are parasites that colonize and multiply when they burrow into the human skin. The patient feels very itchy, especially at night or after bathing. A red rash, linear lesions, or small blisters may appear on the surface of the skin. It is highly contagious because thousands of scabies mites can infest the patient.

Skin diseases are often highly contagious to a certain extent, which not only affects physical health but also causes panic and social discrimination. However, most of them are curable with the best skin care products available in the market. The improvement of living standards and the advancement of science and technology have also played an important role in solving many skin issues.

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